For nearly a century, the Muslim Tajik population have faced great difficulties and suffered dearly from the attacks of Tsarist Russia and Bolsheviks. Scholars were killed, religious and cultural heritage was ruined and literature being destroyed. In the early seventies, the movement of political Islam emerged and soon after in 1973, a young Tajik Muslim youth named Sayyid Abdullah Nuri estab-lished the “Islamic Youth Organization.”